📝 [PIPE] QB ID: 0418 | PIPE Elements No. 11

Acts as a balancer and provide momentum during dead stroke in a cycle.

Are steel tubes with seat at both ends and bridges the motion from camshaft to rocker arm.

Passage of coolant from the engine block to the cylinder head.

Are used to cool incoming air so that the volume of air available is increased.

The difference between the maximum and minimum volume.

These are used to seal the gasses within the cylinder and to keep oil out.

Process where the heat is added in the Otto cycle.

Process where the heat is added in the Diesel cycle.

It is used to reduce the friction of bearings and sliding surfaces in machines and thus diminish the wear, heat and possibility of seizure of the parts.

In a heat engine, the ratio of brake power to the indicated power is called:

The efficiency of Otto cycle depends upon the _____.

The maximum temperature of Diesel cycle will occur _____.

The ratio of the average load to the peak load over a designated period of time.

The ratio of the sum of individual maximum demands of the system to the overall maximum demand of the whole system.

The sum of the continuous ratings of all the equipment and outlets on the customer’s circuit.

The ratio of the duration of the actual service of a machine or equipment to the total duration of the period of time considered.

The ratio of the brake mean effective pressure to the indicated mean effective pressure.

The ratio of the combined engine efficiency to the brake engine efficiency.

The ratio of the average load to that of the peak load of a plant is called:

The ratio of the peak load to the connected load is known as:

The difference between the power plant installed capacity and the peak load is called:

A series of processes during which the initial state point and the final state point are the same.

The compressibility factor of an ideal gas is equal to _____.

The relation PV = C represents a process or change of state, which is known as _____.

In the relation PVⁿ = C, if the value of n = 0 the process is said to be _____.

In a Carnot cycle, the heat rejection in the _____ process.

System in which the mass inflow and outflow are not equal or vary with time and in which the mass within the system changes with time.

A form of energy that is a sole function of temperature for perfect gases and a strong function of temperature and weak function of pressure for non-perfect gases, vapors, and liquids.

It is that portion of the universe, an atom, a certain quantity of matter, or a certain volume in space that one wishes to study.

It is the force of gravity per unit volume of a substance.

It is a kind of thermodynamic system whose mass does not cross its boundaries.

Which law states that “the acceleration of a particular body is directly proportional to the resultant force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass”?

A substance that receives, transports and transfers energy.

A system where energy and mass cross its boundaries.

The law of thermodynamics that deals with the law of conservation of energy, which states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed.

It states that in any mechanical mixture of gases and vapors (those that do not combine chemically) the total pressure of the gaseous mixture such as moist air is equal to the sum of the partial pressure exerted by the individual gases or vapors.

It is a substance existing in the gaseous phase but relatively near its saturation temperature.

The point at which the saturated liquid and saturated vapor states are identical.

The point at which heat transfer stops.

It is an instrument used for determining the specific gravity of a solution.

It refers to the temperature at which all molecular motion ceases according to the kinetic theory of heat.

The area under the curve on a pressure-volume diagram represents _____.

A boiler steam pressure gage should have a range of at least _____ times the maximum allowable working pressure.

It is a valve designed to allow a fluid to pass through in one direction only.

An ideal gas is compressed isothermally. The enthalpy change is equal to _____.

The _____ is constant in an adiabatic throttling process.

It is the ideal cycle for a gas turbine plant.

It is the most thermal efficient cycle consisting of two (2) isentropic processes and two (2) isothermal processes.

How can the average temperature during heat rejection process of a Rankine cycle be decreased?

What is commonly done to a vapor power cycle when the turbine has excessive moisture?

A form of energy that is transferred between two systems by virtue of temperature difference.

A thermodynamic process with no heat transfer.

An energy interaction that is not caused by a temperature difference between a system and its surrounding.

Changing of solid directly to vapor, without passing through the liquid state, is called _____.

Rigid container is heated by the sun. There is no shaft work associated with the container. From the first law of thermodynamics, the resulting work is:

The net work output of a heat engine is always _____.

The sum of all the energies of all the molecules in a system, energies that appear in several complex forms.

It is a liquid whose temperature is below the saturation temperature corresponding to its pressure.

A device that violates the first law of thermodynamics is called a

The efficiencies of all reversible heat engines operating between the same two reservoirs _____.

A process with no heat transfer is known as _____.

The relative density of a substance is the ratio of its density to the density of:

This type of heat exchanger allows fluids to flow at right angles to each other.

The fact the total energy in any one energy system remains constant is called the principle of _____.

A process for which the inlet and outlet enthalpies are the same.

The sum of energies of all the molecules in system, energies that appear in several complex forms.

A system that is completely impervious to its surrounding. Neither mass nor energy cross its boundaries.

A device used to measure small and moderate pressure difference.

A vapor having a temperature higher than the saturation temperature corresponding to its pressure.

The energy or stored capacity for performing work possessed by a moving body, by virtue of its momentum.

The thermodynamic process wherein temperature is constant and the change in internal energy is zero.

The function of a pump or compressor is to _____.

This law states that “all energy received as heat by a heat- engine cannot be converted into mechanical work”.

The intensity of pressure that is measured above absolute zero is called:

This is the ratio of the heat equivalent of the brake or useful horsepower developed by an engine and available on its crankshaft to the heat during the same time.

Flow work is equal to pressure times _____.

This form of energy is due to the position or elevation of the body.

Another term for constant volume process.

Work done by the steam during a reversible adiabatic expansion process in the turbine.

The efficiency of Carnot cycle depends upon the

It is the heat required in a constant-pressure process to completely vaporize a unit-mass of liquid at a given temperature.

It is a commonly used device for measuring temperature differences or high temperatures.

The science and technology concerned with precisely measuring energy and enthalpy.

The rate of doing work per unit of time.

In an ideal Rankine cycle with fixed boiler and condenser pressure. What is the effect of superheating the steam to a higher temperature to the cycle thermal efficiency?

A vapor having a temperature higher than the saturation temperature corresponding to the existing pressure.

It is the work done in pushing a fluid across a boundary, usually into or out of a system.

A liquid that has a temperature lower than the saturation temperature corresponding to the existing pressure.

In this type of boiler, the water passes through the tubes while the flue gases burn outside the tubes.

It shows the water level in the boiler drum.

It prevents damage to the boiler by giving warning of low water.

It has several functions. When necessary it empties the boiler for cleaning, inspection, or repair. It blows out mud, scale, or sediment when the boiler is in operation and prevents excessive concentration of soluble impurities in the boiler.

It is a heat exchanger which utilizes the heat of the flue gases to preheat the air needed for combustion.

It is a feedwater preheating and waste heat recovery device which utilizes the heat of the flue gases.

It is a system of furnace cooling tubes which can extend the evaporative capacity of the water-tube boiler and at the same time protect the furnace walls from high temperature.

It is based on the generation of 34.5 lbm/hr of steam from water at 212°F to steam at 212°F and equivalent to 33,500 Btu/hr.

It prevents boiler pressure from rising above a certain predetermined pressure by opening to allow excess steam to escape into the atmosphere when that point is reached, thus guarding against a possible explosion through excessive pressure.

In a water-tube boiler, the water will pass through _____.

It is the temperature to which the air becomes saturated at constant pressure.

In a _____ cooling tower, the air moves horizontally through the fills as the water moves downward.

It is the subject that deals with the behavior of moist air.

It is the ratio of the mass of water vapor in a certain volume of moist air at a given temperature to the mass of water vapor in the same volume of saturated air at the same temperature.

Air whose condition is such that any decrease in temperature will result in condensation of water vapor into liquid.

It is the warm water temperature minus the cold-water temperature leaving the cooling tower.

The temperature where the relative humidity becomes 100% and where the water vapor starts to condense is known as _____.

The surrounding air _____ temperature is the lowest temperature to which water could possibly be cooled in a cooling tower.

Which is not a major part of the vapor compression system?

This refers to the rate of heat transfer attributable only to a change in dry-bulb temperature.

It is a binary mixture of dry-air and water- vapor.

The temperature measured by an ordinary thermometer.

The mass of water interspersed in each kilogram of dry air.

This system combines two vapor-compression units, with the condenser of the low-temperature system discharging its heat to the evaporator of the high-temperature system.

A process of increasing the humidity ratio at constant dry- bulb temperature.

The ratio of the partial pressure of water vapor in the air to the saturation pressure corresponding to the temperature of the air.

It is an air conditioning process that involves heating without changing the moisture content of air. The process is represented by a horizontal line in the psychrometric chart, from left to right.

It is an air conditioning process of increasing the humidity ratio without changing the dry-bulb temperature of air. The process is represented in the psychrometric chart by a vertical line, from up to down.

The temperature at which the water vapor content of moist air begins to condense when air is cooled at constant pressure

It is the index of performance of a refrigeration system which is a dimensionless quantity.

It is simply the compression of the gas in two or more cylinders in place of a single cylinder compressor.

The transfer of energy from the more energetic particles of a substance to the adjacent less energetic ones as a result of interactions between the particles.

What is the simultaneous control of temperature, humidity, air movement, and quantity of air in space?

The non-condensing component of the moist air.

The substance used for heat transfer in a vapor compression refrigerating system. It picks up heat by evaporating at a low temperature and pressure and gives up this heat by condensing at a higher temperature and pressure.

What is the pressure of the refrigerant between the expansion valve and the intake of the compressor in a multi pressure refrigeration system?

A refrigerating machine that is classified as a one-ton machine has the capacity to produce a cooling effect of:

Axial fans are best suitable for application.

Which of the following axial fan types is most efficient?

Constant rotative speed of the hydraulic turbine runner under varying load is achieved by a _____ that actuates a mechanism that adjust the gate openings.

A pipe or conduit used to carry water from reservoir intake to a reaction turbine is known as:

The efficiency of forward curved centrifugal fans compared to backward curved fans is _____.

When selecting a pump for a given application, it is usually desirable to use a pump that will operate near its BEP which stands for _____.

When selecting a pump for a given application, it is usually desirable to use a pump that will operate near its BEP which stands for _____.

Name the fan which is more suitable for high pressure application?